英語(yǔ)中的“就近原則”和“就遠(yuǎn)原則”在哪些情況下適用？

就近原則：又稱“就近一致原則”（proximity）,是指謂語(yǔ)與靠近的名詞、代詞在“人稱、數(shù)”上保持一致。

主要有以下幾種情況：一、由下列詞語(yǔ)連接的并列主語(yǔ)，要使用就近原則1.there be 句型There is a book and some pencils on the table.There are some pencils and a book on the table.2.either orEither they or Sam is going to Shanghai next Sunday. =Either Sam or they are going to shanghai next Sunday.3.neither norNeither you nor he is right.=Neither he nor you are right.4.not… but…Not you but I am to blame.5.not only…but alsonot only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday. = Not only Ann's parents but also she stays at home every Sunday.6.orWhat he does or what he says does not concern me.二、在倒裝句中，謂語(yǔ)可與后面第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)一致。

In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people.在遠(yuǎn)處，能聽見鼓掌聲和人們的呼喊聲。

就遠(yuǎn)原則：當(dāng)用作主語(yǔ)成分后面跟有以下這些詞引出短語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞習(xí)慣上要與這些結(jié)構(gòu)前面的主語(yǔ)保持一致。

（即與比較遠(yuǎn)的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)保持一致）1.As well asThe son,as well as his parents,wants to go there.2.（Together/along） withA woman with two children has come.Sam, together with his roommates, has seen the film.3.Rather thanHe rather than I is right.Jim, together with his classmates, is to blame.4.ExceptNo one except (but) me knows about this news.5.ButNobody but two students is in the room.6.No less thanMy father, no less than I, is a base-ball fan.同理還有Besides Including、In addition to、 Apart from

英語(yǔ)中有一些句子要遵循就近原則，常見提示詞有there be句型，either.or ， neither.nor ， not only.but also例句：There is a book and some pencils on the desk.There are some pencils and a book on the desk.還有的句子要遵循就遠(yuǎn)原則，常見提示詞有with， alone with ， together with， as well as ， besides， like， without ， except， but ， including ， rather.than，in addition to，apart from例句：He rather than I is right.Tracy，like many girls，loves dancing.